Continuous, multi-month use is widely discouraged because of progressive insulin resistance, organ-growth concerns, and IGF-1 receptor desensitization
Lets take a quick look at that ingredient list: L-Leucine: 3.5g L-Glutamine: 2.5g L-Isoleucine: 1.75g L-Valine: 1.75g Citrulline malate: 1.5g Taurine: 500mg Raw coconut water powder: 500mg Chloride: 280mg Sodium: 160mg Potassium: 80mg Calcium: 20mg RULE1s electrolyte complex and coconut water powder make it a smart pre-workout choice because electrolytes fuel the systems that keep your muscled firing, while coconut water powder can contribute to hydration and renal health.24 Citrulline malate and taurine are the two ingredients outside the electrolyte complex that offer benefits not seen in other BCAA products
Santis et al., 2015)
Oxidants include (but are not limited to) the following: Reactive Oxygen Species: O 2 Superoxide (can be reduced by vitamin E, beta carotene, glutathione, vitamin C) O 2 Singlet Oxygen* (can be reduced by beta carotene and glutathione) OH Hydroxyl Radical* (can be reduced by glutathione, vitamin C) OR Alkoxy radical (can be reduced by vitamin E, beta carotene, glutathione) OOH Hydrogen Peroxyl Radical (can be reduced by vitamin E, glutathione, vitamin C) OOR Alkyl peroxide* (can be reduced by beta carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E) *Free radicals not able to be quenched by superoxide dismutase or catalase (or similar) enzymes Other Oxidizing Agents: HOX Hypohalous acids (X=chloride, bromine, iodide) (can be reduced by glutathione) Z-AMINE Z=either chlorinated (Cl) or ammoniated (NH) amine containing compounds (can be reduced by glutathione) NO* Nitric Oxide (can be reduced by glutathione) NH 3 Ammonia (can be reduced by glutathione) Cyclooxygenase (can be inhibited by vitamin E, glutathione) Phospholipase A 2 (can be inhibited by vitamin E) Phospholipase C (can be inhibited by niacin) All of the above antioxidants are naturally occurring and are found in virtually all mammalian cells
Worth remembering either way: a supplement here is topping up a system your body already runs, not introducing something foreign
Hepatology 60:14181425
